Guide

Affiliate Fraud in USA

Holiday Safety Playbook for Marketers Spending on Affiliates

The holiday season is the biggest time for the year when campaigns scale fast, budgets expand, and every click counts. Brands prepare months in advance to capture the surge in consumer intent, aiming to convert festive enthusiasm into measurable ROI.  Affiliate marketing campaigns play a key role in this strategy, with brands amplifying their reach, boosting app installs, and attracting high-intent shoppers through affiliate partnerships.  In fact, the US affiliate market is valued at 11.53 billion in 2025 and is anticipated to grow at CAGR of 11.08%. This explosive growth shows how integral affiliate partnerships have become for digital marketing success, connecting brands with millions of potential customers.  But with scale comes risk. As affiliate traffic surges, so does the volume of invalid or fraudulent activity that hides within it. Many brands see higher traffic but unchanged conversions, a clear signal that all that “activity” isn’t coming from real users. That’s where ad traffic validation at all levels becomes essential.  In this guide, we will cover –  What is affiliate fraud?  Impact of affiliate fraud during the holiday season How can full-funnel ad traffic validation safeguard brand this holiday season?  Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)  Conclusion  What is Affiliate Fraud?  Affiliate fraud is when some affiliates perform any illegitimate activity to drive up numbers and generate commission from the inflated metrics. It spoils the campaign metrics and ROAS, especially during the holiday season, when it matters the most. This can occur due to any method of fraud, including fake leads, repeated leads, etc.   How Holiday Affiliate Fraud Impacts Performance   Affiliate fraud spikes during the holiday season as both customer activity and affiliate partnerships surge, with brands competing to capture maximum attention. Let’s look at how this impacts affiliate marketing campaigns and the common types of fraud that tend to peak during this time.  1. Surge in Budgets and Campaign Volume a. Why fraud rises: During the holidays, brands spend more and launch bigger campaigns. With so much traffic and so many clicks coming in, it becomes easier for fraudsters to hide fake activity.  b. Common fraud types: Fake clicks (known as click spamming or click injection), and brand keyword hijacking.  c. How it happens: Fraudsters use bots or click farms to generate thousands of fake clicks or inject clicks just before a real app install, stealing credit from genuine affiliates. Some even bid on your brand name in search ads to capture users looking for you.  d. Impact: Brands end up paying for fake traffic, face inflated costs per click (CPC), and see misleading data on engagement and conversions, paying more but getting less real performance.  2. Rush to Onboard New Affiliates a. Why fraud rises: As brands try to scale fast, they onboard new affiliates quickly, sometimes without proper checks. Fraudsters use this rush to sneak in as “legit” partners.  b. Common fraud types: Coupon misuse, referral fraud, fake conversions, and brand keyword hijacking.  c. How it happens: New or unverified affiliates may create multiple fake accounts, share discount codes widely, or run unauthorized ads using your brand name.   d. Impact: You end up paying fraudulent commissions, your CPC spikes unexpectedly, and your brand message appears in places you never approved.  Read in detail about referral and coupon fraud  3. Incentive-Driven Campaigns Become Fraud Magnets a. Why fraud rises: High cashback offers, discounts, or referral bonuses attract not just customers but also opportunists.  b. Common fraud types: Coupon fraud, referral fraud, and fake conversions.  c. How it happens: Fraudsters or bots create fake accounts to repeatedly use referral links or coupon codes. Some even set up “install farms” to fake app installs just to earn rewards.  d. Impact: You attract a flood of low-quality users who rarely return, damaging long-term retention and skewing your success metrics.  4. Attribution Manipulation Peaks a. Why fraud rises: Holiday campaigns offer higher payouts, so fraudsters compete to take credit for the “last click” that leads to a conversion.  b. Common fraud types: Click injection, and click spamming, also organic hijacking  c. How it happens: Fraudsters trigger fake clicks right before a user installs your app, making it look like they caused the conversion.  d. Impact: Real affiliates lose credit, your optimization decisions become inaccurate, and marketing spend shifts toward bad traffic sources.  5. More Sophisticated Automation Attacks a. Why fraud rises: Fraudsters use advanced bots that can imitate real users during high-traffic seasons.  b. Common fraud types: Fake clicks, fake signups, and automated referral abuse.  c. How it happens: They use tools like “headless browsers” (bots that act like real browsers without showing a screen) or emulators to mimic user actions like clicking ads or filling forms.  d. Impact: Your analytics fill with fake data, increasing payouts to dishonest affiliates and making performance reports unreliable.  6. Masked Fraud in High Volumes a. Why fraud rises: When traffic surges during the holidays, small signs of fraud easily get lost in the mix.  b. Common fraud types: All types, especially coupon/referral abuse and click spam.  c. How it happens: Fraudsters mix fake traffic with genuine visitors or spread out fake clicks over time to avoid detection tools. d. Impact: Fraud becomes harder to spot manually and slowly eats away at your budget and performance metrics.  7. Limited Time to Validate Data a. Why fraud rises: Fraud is no longer a black-and-white issue, and reviewing every click or conversion isn’t practical. Dishonest affiliates often blend legitimate traffic with incentivized fraud and organic hijacking, which are the real human interactions that show activity but no genuine intent to convert.  b. Common fraud types: Incent fraud and organic hijacking  c. How it happens: Fraudsters push fake activity in short bursts, ensuring they get paid before the fraud is discovered.  d. Impact: You end up getting non-genuine users who lead to wasted ad spend, skewed performance data, and lower overall campaign ROI.  How does mFilterIt’s Ad Fraud Detection Tool help Brands during Holiday Season?   To fight affiliate fraud effectively, brands need to validate ad traffic across the entire funnel, ensuring

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ad fraud guide

Marketer’s Guide to Ad Fraud – What it is and How to Solve it

If your campaigns are costing you more than they’re performing, it’s time to rebuild your strategy, because the issue might be lying in your traffic itself. Ad fraud has become one of the biggest reasons impacting your campaigns and marketing budgets across walled gardens, open networks, affiliate platforms, apps, and programmatic ecosystems. The first half of 2025 recorded an average global ad fraud rate of 39.7%, and fraud peaked at 49% in June, the highest in five years. With AI-driven bots, fake users, and manipulated attribution becoming more advanced, the financial impact is far deeper than most marketers realize. Therefore, to help you get clarity, this guide will help you understand what ad fraud looks like today, where it hides, how it impacts real performance, and what you can do to protect your budgets with the right validation strategies. What is Ad Fraud?   Ad fraud is the deliberate manipulation of advertising systems to generate illegitimate revenue by simulating real user interactions, such as clicks, installs, or views, without actual consumer interest.   The lost advertising money is not the only obvious impact of fraudulent activities. Since fraudsters manipulate the most important ad performance metrics, they also skew the insights marketers and advertising teams may draw from those metrics. The impact from this, in many cases, leads to a long-term negative impact on the brand’s advertising efforts.    The problem is made worse because of the availability of options for fraudsters.    Let’s look at some of the most common methods and techniques employed by fraudsters to scam honest advertisers.   What are the Different Types of Ad Fraud? [Channel-wise Fraud] Types of Web Ad Fraud Web advertising remains one of the most vulnerable digital channels because of the open networks and automated programmatic advertising ecosystem, that makes it challenging to track and verify the legitimacy of each impression and click. Here are the common types of web ad fraud techniques every advertiser must be aware of:   Click Fraud As the name suggests, click fraud involves generating fake clicks on pay-per-click (PPC) campaigns. Many fraudsters use simple bots to generate these fake clicks. However, most ad networks and platforms can now detect fake clicks coming from simple bots. To overcome this, fraudsters have started developing and deploying sophisticated bots that can mimic human-user behavior and fool the algorithms of the ad platforms.    In some cases, specifically in less developed countries, fraudsters employ cheap labor on “click farms” to generate fake clicks without attracting suspicion from ad networks.    Impression Fraud Impression fraud involves fraudsters creating fake impressions on ads that pay in exchange for those impressions.    This type of fraud also often involves bots to create fake traffic that can be used to register impressions on ads. Tech-savvy fraudsters may also use more sophisticated methods such as pixel stuffing or ad stacking.   With pixel stuffing, the fraudsters “stuff” the ad into a single pixel on their webpage. This way, when a real user visit said webpage, they don’t see the ad and the fraud publisher still ends up getting paid for that impression.    Similarly, ad stacking involves “stacking” multiple ads on top of each other in a single ad space on the webpage. This way, when the user visits the page, they may see just one ad, but the fraud publisher will get paid for all the ads stacked in the ad space.    Domain Spoofing Domain spoofing is a type of ad fraud where a fraudster tricks advertisers into thinking their ads are showing on popular, trustworthy websites. However, in reality, the ads run on low-quality MFA (Made for Advertisements) websites or even fake websites.  The primary goal is usually to steal sensitive information like login credentials, generate fake leads, and earn money.   In digital terms, the fraudsters change the website’s identity by using a spoofed domain name, elements, and visuals (similar to that of a legitimate website like a well-known press release page) during the ad auction process, so it appears to be a premium site. Advertisers end up paying high prices, thinking their ad is being seen by a valuable audience, but it’s actually wasted on irrelevant or fake traffic, hurting performance, ad budgets, and brand safety.   Cookie Stuffing Cookie stuffing is one of the common ad fraud tactics used by fraudsters to manipulate affiliate marketing performance. This happens when a fraudulent affiliate secretly “stuffs” or adds multiple affiliate tracking cookies into a user’s browser without their knowledge or action.   These cookies are meant to track if the user later makes a purchase on a brand’s site. If they do, the fraudster earns a commission, even though they didn’t contribute to the sale. It’s like someone secretly putting their referral name on your order so they can get credit. This affiliate fraud tactic hurts brands because it inflates affiliate payouts, messes up marketing data, and steals credit from genuine affiliates who actually put real efforts to earn the sale.   Geo Masking Geo masking, also known as location fraud, is another type of web ad fraud where the actual location of the user is hidden or faked to make it appear as if they are from a targeted region.  Fraudsters use various methods like using proxy servers, or VPNs to route invalid traffic through target locations spoofing GPS data and IP addresses.    Fraudsters do this to trick advertisers into paying higher rates for traffic that looks like it’s genuine, when it’s really coming from irrelevant regions, misleading performance metrics and further campaign optimization.   Types of Mobile Ad Fraud With the expansive growth in app-based marketing and the complexity of attribution models, mobile apps have become a breeding ground for highly sophisticated ad fraud. These fraud types manipulate app installs, in-app engagements, and user attribution at each stage of the funnel using following techniques:   Install Fraud Install fraud is a type of mobile ad fraud and involves faking app installs to scam advertisers that operate on cost-per-install (CPI) campaigns.   Fraudsters may employ simple or sophisticated techniques to execute this type of fraud. Simpler techniques

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